To achieve the desired particle size, iron concentrate plants typically use a multi-stage crushing circuit with 2 to 4 phases. Primary crushing is carried out with gyratory or jaw crushers, followed by cone crushers for the final stage. Grinding then reduces the ore to a fine powder, often requiring two or three stages depending on the degree of liberation needed.

 Magnetic separation is commonly applied between grinding stages. 

Magnetic Separation is a key method for isolating iron ore from gangue minerals. It includes: 

• Low-intensity magnetic separation: targets strongly magnetic minerals such as magnetite 

• High-intensity magnetic separation: designed for weakly magnetic minerals like hematite

Flotation processes are applied depending on ore characteristics and concentrate quality, removing impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, and silica. Finally, the refined iron concentrate undergoes filtration. To conserve water, tailings are dewatered using thickeners, followed by filtration to efficiently reduce moisture content.